What are the freestyle and backstroke rules I need to judge?

Question

Accepted Answer

Freestyle (World Aquatics Rule 5): Any style may be swum (in a medley, any style other than backstroke, breaststroke or butterfly). Some part of the body must touch the wall at the end of each length and at the finish. Some part of the body must break the surface throughout, except during the turn and for no more than 15m after the start and each turn; the head must have broken the surface by the 15m mark. Swimmers may be completely submerged once the head has passed the 5m mark when reaching for the finish. Backstroke (Rule 6): Start: in the water, facing the starting end, both hands on the grips. No standing in or on the gutter or curling toes over its lip. With a backstroke ledge, at least one toe of each foot must touch the wall or touchpad face. Swim on the back throughout, except when turning. A roll of up to (but not including) 90 degrees from horizontal is allowed; head position doesn't matter. Head must break the surface by the 15m mark after the start and each turn. Turn: the shoulders may turn past vertical to the breast, then an immediate continuous single-arm or double-arm pull may be used to start the turn. The swimmer must touch the wall and be back on the back on leaving the wall. Finish: touch the wall while on the back. Full submersion is allowed once the head has passed the 5m mark.