What do I need to know as a coach of junior pace bowlers (Under 11 to Under 19) under Cricket Australia's workload guidelines? Overs per spell and match day, training limits, rest between spells and across a season, and warning signs.
The Junior Pace Bowling Workload Guidelines aim to reduce the risk of lumbar bone stress injury (LBSI), an injury to the bones of the lower back that can interrupt development and need long breaks from bowling.
Cricket Australia's in-season match limits are:
| Age | Maximum overs per spell | Maximum overs per match day |
|---|---|---|
| Under 11 | 2 | 4 |
| 11 to 13 | 4 | 8 |
| 13 to 15 | 5 | 12 |
| 15 to 17 | 5 | 16 |
| 17 to 19 | 6 | 18 |
The age bands share their end points (13, 15 and 17) on the Cricket Australia page, which does not say which band applies at the boundary age.
Competition rules can set lower limits than these. For example, junior formats cap Stage 2 bowlers at 4 overs in a 20-over match and 5 in a 30-over match.
Before a bowler returns for another spell, the same number of overs must have been bowled from the same end as their completed spell.
For example, a 14-year-old who bowled a 5-over spell should wait until 5 more overs have been bowled from that end (10 overs in the match in total). Cricket Australia notes this is likely to take about 30 minutes.
At training, allow at least 20 minutes between spells.
Training and matches both count as bowling days.
| Age | Training limits |
|---|---|
| Under 17 | At least 1 day off after a bowling day; maximum 3 bowling days a week (matches and training combined); maximum 5 overs per spell |
| 17 to 19 | No more than 2 bowling days in a row; maximum 4 bowling days a week (matches and training combined); maximum 6 overs per spell |
Cricket Australia says a gradual build-up usually takes more than 10 weeks, and bowlers should be close to expected match volumes by the end of it. Within that, the guidelines list this period of gradual bowling before the season or a tournament:
| Age | Gradual bowling before season or tournament |
|---|---|
| Under 13 | 2 weeks |
| 13 to 15 | 4 weeks |
| 15 to 17 | 6 weeks |
| 17 to 19 | 8 weeks |
Cricket Australia's guidelines set recovery at three levels:
From Cricket Australia's guidelines:
Cricket Australia says some bowlers need more recovery than their peers and may need limits modified further. This includes bowlers who:
The guidelines recommend these bowlers consult a medical professional experienced in managing lumbar bone stress injury to inform their programme. Teenage pace bowlers are described as being at the highest risk.
Cricket Australia strongly recommends that a junior bowler with lower back pain when bowling stops bowling and sees a sports doctor or physiotherapist with experience in lumbar bone stress injury before bowling again.
Lumbar bone stress injury (LBSI) can develop gradually, without early pain, and can interrupt a young bowler's development and require long breaks from bowling.