How does the aerial ball rule work now?

FIH Rule 9.10 (2026), now permanent in all England Hockey competitions:

• Opponents must not approach within 5 metres of a player receiving a falling raised ball until the receiver has touched it. Previously, defenders had to wait until the receiver had controlled it and brought it to the ground.
• The initial 5 metres of space for a safe reception must still be respected. After the first touch, there can be a fair contest, including inside the circle.
• The ball may be intercepted within 5 m but outside playing distance, provided it's done safely.
• The initial receiver has a right to the ball. If it isn't clear who that is, the player from the team that raised the ball must let the opponent receive it.

Player safety stays paramount. England Hockey asks umpires to emphasise this at all times.

Related: players must not intentionally raise the ball from a hit, except for a shot at goal (Rule 9.9). From a free hit, the ball may be raised straight away with a push, flick or scoop, but not intentionally with a hit.