When can we make substitutions and team changes?

World Netball Rule 10.1-10.4. Substitutions (a bench player replacing an on-court player) and team changes (on-court players swapping positions) are unlimited, as long as you only use players named for the match.

When:

• during any interval;
• when play is stopped for injury, illness or blood, within the time the umpires allow;
• as a tactical change immediately after a goal, if an on-court player asks the umpire to hold time for it.

Tactical change conditions:

• the umpire must be clear it's a tactical change, not an injury;
• players leave or change positions without delay, and substitutes take their places quickly;
• all team officials, including primary care persons, stay at the team bench;
• the umpire must be able to restart quickly.

Penalties: taking undue time is penalised as delaying play (for a tactical change, straight after the next centre pass whistle). If tactical change requests become frivolous, the umpires may refuse them or penalise the team.

Paperwork: at events using the World Netball Technical Officials Manual, the team manager tells the official bench of every change on a Substitution/Team Change Form as soon as it's made.