How do I signal and record a player's fifth foul or a disqualification?

Fifth foul (Articles 41.1 and 50.1): the timer notifies a referee immediately when 5 fouls have been charged against any player. The referee informs the player, who must leave the game immediately. The timer shows each player's foul count by raising the player foul marker where both head coaches can see it.

Game disqualification (Articles 41.4 and 41.5): the timer raises the GD marker to indicate that a player or coach has been disqualified from the game. This applies to a player with two category 1 technical fouls, two flagrant fouls, or one flagrant and one category 1 technical foul, and to a head coach with the technical-foul totals in Article 41.5.

Scorer's part (Article 49.1): the scorer must notify a referee immediately when a head coach should be disqualified, or when a player should be disqualified after two category 1 technical fouls, two flagrant fouls, or one of each.

On the scoresheet (Appendix B.8): a personal foul is a 'P', a disruptive foul is 'DI', a disqualifying foul is 'D', and a foul involving free throws has the number of free throws (1, 2 or 3) added beside the letter. A foul counting towards game disqualification is circled. When a second category 1 technical foul or second flagrant foul (or the combination of one of each) is entered, it is followed by a 'GD' in the next space.

Source: FIBA Official Basketball Rules 2026, Articles 41, 49, 50 and Appendix B.8.