How do I record time-outs, and what are the limits?

From the FIVB Rules 2025-2028 (Rules 15.1, 15.3, 15.4 and 27.2.2.3).

• Limit: each team may request a maximum of two time-outs per set.
• Length: all requested time-outs last 30 seconds.
• Who can request: only the coach, or in the coach's absence the assistant coach or the game captain.
• When: the request is made with the time-out hand signal while the ball is out of play and before the whistle for service. During the time-out the players in play go to the free zone near their bench.
• Your job: you record each time-out and inform the 2nd referee. The 2nd referee controls the number used and reports the 2nd time-out to the 1st referee and the coach concerned.
• Order of requests: one or two time-outs and one substitution request by either team may follow one another within the same interruption, but a team may not make consecutive substitution requests in the same interruption.

A request made at the wrong time (during a rally, at or after the whistle to serve, by an unauthorised person, or after the two time-outs are used up) is an improper request. You notify the referees. The first one in the match that does not delay the game is rejected and recorded with no other consequence.