What penalties apply for errors of course, late entry, one-handed reins and voice?

• Error of course (EA tests up to Advanced): first error minus 2 marks, second minus 4 additional marks, third is elimination. Errors of course are penalised whether or not the bell is sounded.
• Technical faults are a deduction of 0.5% from the final percentage mark from each judge. Examples: entering the arena before the bell, not entering within 45 seconds of the bell, failing to salute at the entry or final halt, and not wearing correct identification numbers into the arena.
• Entering late: after the bell you must enter at A within 45 seconds. If you do not, it is a 0.5% fault per judge; if you still have not entered within a further 45 seconds, you are eliminated.
• Reins: riding with the reins in both hands is compulsory, with a deduction of 2 marks per judge if you do not. Exceptions include leaving the arena after the final salute, a discreet pat on the neck, and adjusting clothing or a saddle pad. You take the reins in one hand only to salute.
• Voice: repeatedly using your voice or clicking your tongue as an aid is penalised by a deduction of 2 marks from the movement mark.

Source: EA National Dressage Rules 1 January 2026, rules 3.7, 3.15.1, 3.16, 3.17 and Annex E.