How do advantage and delayed penalties work?

Question

Accepted Answer

Under World Aquatics rules: Advantage (Article 3.5.7.2): referees may refrain from awarding an ordinary, exclusion or penalty foul if awarding it would deny the fouled team an advantage, or would benefit the offending player's team. Delayed penalty (Article 11.2.2): for a penalty foul, the Referee may wait to see whether the attacker scores in the same action, and must wait when a defender impedes a shooter from behind in the 6 m area. If a goal is scored, no penalty throw is awarded and play restarts as after a goal. If not, the penalty throw is then awarded. While delaying, the Referee should, if possible, raise one arm to show a penalty may follow (not doing so doesn't affect the decision). To show that a shot from outside the 6 m area is permitted, the Referee raises one hand in the air.