If I'm excluded, where do I go and when can I come back?

Under World Aquatics rules (Part Six, Article 10):

Leaving: leave the field of play at the nearest point, then, without getting out of the pool, swim to the exclusion re-entry area behind your own goal line and visibly come to the surface, without interfering with play. Failing to start leaving without delay can be penalised as interference, giving a penalty throw.

Coming back (for an ordinary exclusion foul), you or a substitute may re-enter from the re-entry area nearest your own goal line at the earliest of:

• 18 seconds of actual play after the exclusion (the secretary signals with a flag);
• a goal being scored (you may then re-enter from anywhere);
• your team regaining possession (the Referee signals re-entry by hand); or
• your team being awarded a free throw, goal throw or penalty throw.

You may not jump or push off from the side or wall to re-enter. Re-entering early, or without permission, is improper entry and gives the other team a penalty throw.

Every exclusion foul also counts as a personal foul; three means you're out for the rest of the match.