What are the fighting rules and penalties?

Under Hockey Canada Playing Rule 7.10 (2026-28):

• A player who fights an opposing player is assessed a Major penalty and a Game Misconduct. A Minor penalty cannot be assessed for fighting.
• A Game Misconduct is also assessed to a player who joins a fight, acts as a peacemaker, or takes part in another or secondary fight during the same stoppage.
• A Misconduct is assessed to a player who does not return to their bench (or the neutral area set by the Referee) when a fight occurs.
• An instigator (the player who starts a fight, for example by throwing the first punch or by a verbal invitation or threat) receives an additional Minor penalty under Rule 7.11. Where two players are both willing combatants, no instigator or aggressor penalty is assessed.
• A Match penalty is assessed to a player who uses a ring, tape or other material on their hands to gain an advantage or inflict injury in a fight.
• A Gross Misconduct is assessed to a player who fights with, or joins a fight involving, a team official.
• A goaltender who leaves the crease during a fight receives a Minor penalty.
• In Junior and Senior, a secure jersey tie-down is required, and a player who keeps fighting after the jersey comes above the shoulder blades or off an arm can be penalized for Illegal Equipment (Rule 3.9, 10.6 (a)).