What are the goalkeeper's restrictions and how is a goal clearance taken?

Goalkeeper restrictions. An indirect free kick is awarded to the opponents if a goalkeeper:

• controls the ball with the hands, arms or feet in their own half for more than four seconds;
• after playing the ball in controlled possession, touches it again in their own half after a team-mate has deliberately played it to them, without an opponent playing or touching it (no disciplinary sanction); or
• touches the ball with the hands or arms inside their own penalty area after a team-mate deliberately kicked it to them, including from a kick-in.

Goal clearance. It is awarded when the whole ball passes over the end line having last touched an attacker, and no goal is scored.

• The goalkeeper throws or releases the ball from any point in the penalty area.
• Opponents must be outside the penalty area until the ball is in play.
• The ball is in play when it is thrown or released and clearly moves, and it must be put into play within four seconds, or an indirect free kick goes to the opponents.
• A goal cannot be scored directly from a goal clearance. If it goes directly into the taker's own goal, a corner kick is awarded to the opponents.
• If the goalkeeper touches the ball again before another player has, an indirect free kick is awarded.