When is lifting the ball or swinging the stick "dangerous play"?

Under the 2026 FIH Rules of Hockey (Rule 9):

• Stick: players must hold their stick and not use it dangerously, and must not lift it over other players' heads.
• Hitting the ball up: a player must not intentionally raise the ball from a hit, except for a shot at goal. An unintentional raised hit isn't an offense unless it's dangerous.
• Flicks and scoops: allowed if not dangerous, but a flick or scoop toward an opponent within 5 meters is dangerous.
• Dangerous ball: a ball is dangerous if it causes an opponent to take legitimate evasive action.
• Aerial balls (changed for 2026): opponents must stay at least 5 meters from a player receiving a falling raised ball until the receiver has touched it. After that first touch, they can challenge. If it isn't clear who the receiver is, the team that raised the ball must let the opponent receive it.
• Players must not play the ball with the back (rounded side) of the stick, or hit it hard on the forehand with the edge.