What format does M9 use, and is it played on the full ice?

M9 is played in restricted space (half-ice, "demi-glace"), not on the full ice. Hockey Québec says full-ice hockey is not suited to the physical and psychological development of children under nine, and that a smaller playing area suited to their abilities is better for them.

• All minor hockey associations and organizations must follow the M9 program as set out in Hockey Québec's operations guide, which sets the detailed on-ice rules such as the exact playing area.
• In single-letter classes (M9 to Junior), all regular players may play any position, including goalie, provided they have full equipment.

Source: Hockey Québec administrative regulations 2025-26, articles 5.1.1 and 6.1, and Hockey Québec's "Matchs en espace restreint (M7/M9)" page.