How are free laps and lapped riders handled in a criterium?

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From the 2026 AusCycling Road Technical Regulations, criterium (2.03): Free lap: when a recognised mishap occurs, the riders involved get one free lap to resume their position as at the moment of the mishap. The PCP or the commissaire working in the pits decides whether to grant it. Cut-off: no free laps in the last five kilometres of the event, or as the PCP determines in advance. Returning: a rider granted a free lap returns in the position held at the time of the mishap. A rider who was in a group returns at the rear of that group on the next lap. They are not penalised in the final classification but may not be placed in the next intermediate sprint. Ineligible riders: a rider who is not eligible for a free lap must make up any lost ground. Pits: repair pits are spaced evenly around the circuit with neutral wheels and/or bikes. A commissaire in each pit area decides whether the mishap was legitimate, keeps a record of every rider granted a free lap and gives the PCP a written report at the end of the race. Fraud: the penalty for fraudulent use of the free lap rule may include disqualification or suspension. Lapped riders: a rider about to be lapped by the field, or so far behind as to be out of contention, may be removed by a commissaire. Lapping the field: if two or more riders lap the field, a sprint for the minor placings takes place with three laps to go, and the lapped riders must then leave the circuit immediately so the leaders contest the finish unimpeded.