How do the libero rules work in USA Volleyball?
Rule- USA
- USA Volleyball
- Club volleyball
- 16 and under
- Juniors
- 2025-27 rules
- Coaches
Designating liberos (USAV 19.1.1)
- A team may designate zero, one or two liberos.
- If you designate two at the start of the match, they are your liberos for the entire match.
- If you start the match with one or none, you may change who is libero from set to set (or play a set without one), but you can't add a second libero later in the match.
- Libero numbers go on the lineup sheet for each set. If none is listed, you may still designate one immediately, before the set begins.
Playing rules
- Libero replacements are unlimited and don't count as substitutions.
- A libero can only be replaced by the player they replaced or by the other libero.
- There must be a completed rally between two libero replacements, except for injury, a penalty-forced rotation, or when the libero is replacing the right-back player to serve.
- The libero may serve in one rotation position per set. With two liberos, both must serve in that same position.
- An illegal replacement caught before the next serve is corrected with a delay sanction. After the serve, it's treated like an illegal substitution.
Injured or unable to play
- One libero: you may redesignate a new libero at any time, for any reason (including disqualification).
- Two liberos: redesignation is allowed only when both are unable to play.
- A libero replaced by redesignation can't return to the match.
Uniform: the libero's jersey must clearly contrast with, and have a different dominant color from, teammates' jerseys. Shorts may differ.
Added 21 Oct 2026